Duties of a system administrator
The duties of a system administrator are enormous and vary widely from one organization to another. System administrators are generally responsible for installing, supporting and maintaining servers or other IT systems, as well as planning and responding to service outages and other problems. Other activities may include scripting or light programming, project management related to systems related projects.
The system administrator is responsible for the following:
User administration (account setup and maintenance)
Maintenance system
Verify that the devices are working properly
Quickly repair hardware repair in case of hardware failure
Monitor system performance
Create file system
Install the software
Create a backup and restore policy
Monitor network communication
Update the system as soon as the new version of the operating system and application software is released
Implement policies for the use of the IT system and the network.
Configure security policies for users. A system administrator must have a solid understanding of computer security (e.g. firewalls and intrusion detection systems)
Documentation in the form of an internal wiki
Password and identity management
System administrator and cloud computing
Cloud computing is nothing more than a large number of computers connected via the Internet / Wan. Cloud computing is now part of the technology and system administrators must rely on:
Automation software such as puppets, cooks, etc.
Cloud infrastructure like AWS, Openstack, etc.
Network services in the cloud, such as content distribution networks (Akamai, CloudFront, etc.) and DNS servers.
Control source
Design of best practices for backups and the entire infrastructure.
What is special about the system administrator account?
The root account has full (unrestricted) access, so you can do anything with the system. For example, root can remove critical files from the system. Also, files cannot be restored in any other way than by using tape backups or disk-based backup systems.
Many system administration tasks can be automated using Perl / Python or shell scripts. For example:
Create new users
Reset user password
Lock / unlock user accounts
Monitor server security
Supervise special services, etc.
Most important skill for a system administrator
Troubleshooting, period. This can sometimes lead to all kinds of restrictions and stress. When the workstation or server is turned off, it is called to solve the problem. You should be able to diagnose the problem quickly and correctly. You have to understand what is wrong and how to solve it better in a short time.
System administrators are not ...
Cookie cutting software engineers.
Developers
In general, it is not the user's task to design new application software.
However, it is necessary to understand the behavior of the software to distribute it and solve problems, and in general it should be good in various programming languages used for creating scripts or automating routine activities such as shell, awk, perl, python etc. .
Read More: responsibilities of a server
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